HSK · Level 123
47 words
Chinese word
确凿
Pronunciation
Pinyinquè záo
Meaning
- adjectiveirrefutable
Example
事实很确凿，不能否认。shì shí hěn què záo bù néng fǒu rèn
The facts are irrefutable and cannot be denied.
More examples
警方找到了确凿的证据，案件很快结案。jǐng fāng zhǎo dào le què záo de zhèng jù àn jiàn hěn kuài jié àn
The police found irrefutable evidence, and the case was soon closed.
Core concept
Evidence forms a clear, hard foundation under a claim, leaving no opening for denial.
Common phrases
确凿的证据què záo de zhèng jù
irrefutable evidence
确凿的事实què záo de shì shí
irrefutable facts
确凿的依据què záo de yī jù
conclusive grounds
Similar words
确实què shí: Describes a fact or situation that is certain to be true.
确切què qiè: Describes wording, figures, or timing that is precise and clearly defined.
明确míng què: Describes meaning or a stance that is plainly stated and not vague.
明显míng xiǎn: Describes something whose presence or quality is plain from direct observation.
Definition in Chinese
事实或证据明确，毫无疑点，可作为确凿的依据。shì shí huò zhèng jù míng què háo wú yí diǎn kě zuò wéi què záo de yī jù
Word origin
确 (què, "certain") + 凿 (záo, "chisel") joins certainty with the image of something firmly carved, which helps explain the compound's meaning of facts that cannot reasonably be challenged.
Usage tips
- English certain can describe a person's strong belief, but this word more naturally points to proof behind a claim, making that difference useful in everyday conversation.