Japanese word

し

Pronunciation

Romajishi

Meaning

  • particleand

Example

今日は雨だし、寒いです。kyō wa ame da shi samu i de su

It is raining today, and it is cold.

Illustration for し (and)

More examples

明日は試験だし、今夜は早く寝ます。asu wa shi ken da shi kon ya wa haya ku ne ma su

I have an exam tomorrow, so I will go to bed early tonight.

Core concept

Connects one statement to another as part of a broader list of related points, often leaving room for more.

Common phrases

  • 時間があるしji kan ga a ru shi

    have time and

  • 必要だしhitsu yō da shi

    necessary and

Definition in Japanese

複数の事柄や理由などを並べて示す意を表す。fuku sū no koto gara ya ri yū na do o nara be te shime su i o arawa su

Word origin

The particle し (shi, "and; moreover") comes from the same form in Classical Japanese, where it linked clauses and listed reasons or qualities; the modern particle retains that function.

Usage tips

  • In conversation, this particle often shows that the stated reason is one of several, so a sentence can end with it even when no further reason is spoken.

Other meanings

  • moreoverparticle

Word lists with this word